For a real Brayton cycle incorporating component irreversibilities (isentropic efficiencies $\eta_c < 1$ for compressor and $\eta_t < 1$ for turbine), which of the following statements is/are TRUE compared to an ideal cycle of the same pressure ratio?

(A) Compressor exit temperature $T_{03}$ is higher than the ideal isentropic temperature $T_{03s}$.

(B) Turbine work output is lower than the ideal isentropic work output.

(C) The cycle thermal efficiency is strictly lower than the ideal Brayton efficiency.

(D) Entropy remains constant across both the compressor and the turbine rotor blading.

Answer Key:

A,B,C

### Solution: Real compression increases entropy, so compressor work increases and $T_{03} > T_{03s}$ (A is true). Real expansion produces less work than isentropic (B is true). Component losses degrade cycle thermal efficiency (C is true). Irreversibilities increase entropy, so D is false. Correct: A, B, C.

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