During steady, untrimmed flight, deflecting an elevator trailing-edge upward ($\delta_e < 0$) produces:

(A) A positive (nose-up) pitching moment $\Delta C_m > 0$ and an upward tail download

(B) A negative (nose-down) pitching moment $\Delta C_m < 0$ and an upward tail lift

(C) Zero change in pitching moment but an increase in induced drag

(D) A pure rolling moment without altering elevator hinge moment

Answer Key:

A

### Solution: Deflecting the elevator upward reduces tail lift (downward force on tail), which creates a positive (nose-up) pitching moment about the aircraft center of gravity. Correct: A.

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