Subject Formula Sheet

Flight Mechanics & Aircraft Performance Formulas

High-yield formulas for Level Flight, Range, Endurance, Maneuvers, and Longitudinal Static Stability.

Breguet Range & Endurance Relations

Jet Range: R = (V / c_t) (C_L / C_D) ln(W₀ / W₁)

Propeller Range: R = (η_p / c_p) (C_L / C_D) ln(W₀ / W₁)

Static Longitudinal Stability

Static Margin = K_n = (x_np - x_cg) / c̄

dC_m / dC_L = -Static Margin (Must be negative for longitudinal stability)